Pacemaker implantation through pericardial reflections under fluoroscopic guidance: a novel approach for patients with limited venous access
نویسندگان
چکیده
Methods Between June 2006 and November 2011, 15 adult patients underwent epimyocardial atrioventricular pacemaker implantation through a minimally invasive subxiphoid approach and pericardial window. Mean age was 46.4 ± 15.3 years and 9 (60.0%) patients were male. Patients selected for this new surgical approach were not amenable to transvenous lead placement due to: multiple abandoned leads (5), venous occlusion (3), presence of retained lead fragment in the intravascular after previous device extraction (3), tricuspid valve vegetation under treatment (2) and uncorrected intracardiac defects (2).
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عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 8 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013